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|death_place=Trujillo, Honduras |spouse= |party= |signature=Appletons' Walker William signature.png }} William Walker (May 8, 1824 – September 12, 1860) was an American physician, lawyer, journalist and mercenary, who organized several private military expeditions into Latin America, with the intention of establishing English-speaking colonies under his personal control, an enterprise then known as "filibustering." Walker usurped the presidency of the Republic of Nicaragua in 1856 and ruled until 1857, when he was defeated by a coalition of Central American armies. He was executed by the government of Honduras in 1860. ==Early life== Walker was born in Nashville, Tennessee, in 1824 to James Walker and his wife Mary Norvell. His father was a son of a Scottish immigrant. His mother was a daughter of Lipscomb Norvell, an American Revolutionary War officer from Virginia. One of Walker's maternal uncles was John Norvell, a US Senator from Michigan and founder of ''The Philadelphia Inquirer''.〔(William Walker, 1824–1860, genealogy ) GenForum〕 William Walker was engaged to Helen Martin, but they never married, and he died without any children. William Walker graduated ''summa cum laude'' from the University of Nashville at the age of fourteen.〔 He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and University of Heidelberg before receiving his medical degree from the University of Pennsylvania at the age of 19. He practiced briefly in Philadelphia before moving to New Orleans to study law. He practiced law for a short time, and then quit to become co-owner and editor of the ''New Orleans Crescent''. In 1849, he moved to San Francisco, where he was a journalist and fought three duels; he was wounded in two of them. Walker then conceived the idea of conquering vast regions of Latin America and creating new slave states to join those already part of the United States.〔McPherson, James M. (1988). ''Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era''. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 114〕 These campaigns were known as filibustering or freebooting. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「William Walker (filibuster)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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